Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (sometimes referred to as Hashimoto’s disease) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid, leading to inflammation and a gradual decline in thyroid hormone production—a state known as hypothyroidism.
Symptoms may include3:
- Fatigue
- Abnormal weight gain
- Cold sensitivity
- Constipation
- Depression
- Dry skin
Hashimoto’s disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism and usually develops slowly over time. You might not notice any symptoms in the early stages, even if a blood test shows thyroid antibodies. It tends to affect women more frequently than men, especially between the ages of 30 and 50.
Because symptoms can be subtle or overlap with other conditions, testing key thyroid markers such as TSH, FT4, FT3 and TPO antibodies can be essential for accurate diagnosis. Always consult with your healthcare provider to interpret results and determine the best course of action.